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Identification and quantification of selected plastics in biosolids by pressurized liquid extraction combined with double-shot pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

Vitenskapelig artikkel
Publiseringsår
2020
Tidsskrift
Science of the Total Environment
Eksterne nettsted
Cristin
Arkiv
Doi
Forfattere
Elvis D Okoffo, Francisca Ribeiro, Jake W O'Brien, Stacey O'Brien, Benjamin J Tscharke, Michael Gallen, Saer Samanipour, Jochen F Mueller, Kevin V Thomas

Sammendrag

The identification and quantification of selected plastics (polystyrene (PS), polycarbonate (PC), poly-(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)) in biosolids (treated sewage sludge) was performed by pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) combined with double-shot pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Validation of the method yielded recoveries of between 85 and 128% (mean RSD 11%) at a linear range of between 0.01 and 2 μg. The distribution of plastics within 25 biosolid samples from a single wastewater treatment plant in Australia was assessed. The mass concentration of PE, PVC, PP, PS and PMMA was between 0.1 and 4.1 mg/g dry weight (dw) across all samples, with a total plastic concentration ƩPlastics of between 2.8 and 6.6 mg/g dw (median = 4.1 mg/g dw). PE was the predominant plastic detected (mean concentration of 2.2 mg/g dw), contributing to 50% of the total of all plastics. Overall, this study demonstrates that pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) combined with double-shot pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry can be used to identify and quantify PE, PP, PVC, PS, and PMMA in biosolids.